A new cellular mechanism has been discovered that could be important for determining how humans form memories in the hippocampus.

Research published in the journal Neuron by Northwestern University professor Nelson Spruston showed that two separate types of neuronal metabotropic receptors were found, as well as biochemical changes that alter the way a neuron fires.

The researchers noted two surprising results - that the change needed both receptors to be biochemically stimulated and that the change in output happens without an electrical stimulation.

Commenting on the findings, professor Spruston said: "We've identified an important molecular target inside the hippocampus - the metabotropic receptors - that will help us better understand learning and memory."

Professor Spruston added that changes in the hippocampus are "essential" for individual personalities.

The hippocampus, which is a member of the limbic system, is also crucial to special navigation.

It is thought that the results could benefit those who experience loss of memory after being diagnosed with dementia.

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